In the Gurmukhi script, there are three basic vowels / ʊ ə I / A e. With in these vowels only /ə/ can occur in this form in the word. The remaining two letters / ʊ / and / I / always occur with the vowel signs which are also called matras. There are nine matras which are used with the three basic vowels. With the use of these matras, the vowels are made ten in number. These matras are called Kanna (), Sihari (), Bihari () , Aunkar (), Dulainkar (), Lavan (), Dulavan (), Hora () & Kanaura ().
          One matra is used before the letter. The two matras are used after the letters. Four are used above and two are used below the letters. The matra Sihari is used before the letter. Kanna & Bihari is used after the letters. The four matras Lavan, Dulavan, Hora & Kanaura are used above the letters and two matras Aunkar & Dulainkar are used below the letters. These two matras Aunkar & Dulainkar are used below the letter like & / ʊ & u / and it is open from the upper side it becomes /o/.
          The second vowel of the Gurumukhi script is /ə/. It is also called mukta. This vowel is not indicated by any sign. The three matras Kanna, dulavan and Kanaura are used with /ə/. Kanna is used after this letter. The remaining two matras Dulavan and Kanaura are used above this letter.
          The three matras are used with the third basic vowel /I/. These matras are Sihari, Bihari & Lavan. Sihari is used before this letter, Bihari is used after this letter and Lavan is used above this letter.
          The ten vowels of Punjabi are mentioned here. are used in this form when these vowels come in the initial position of the words or they are used with another vowel. When the vowels are used with the consonants then only their matras are used.

The Accessory signs which are used after matra are called lagakhar. These are three in Gurmukhi Script

Bindi -

Bindi is that symbol which indicates nasalization. It is used with all vowels along with Mukta, Sihari, Aunkar.